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properties characterization

  • 1 Integrated Mechanical Properties Analysis & Characterization of Near-Wellbore Heterogeneity

    oil&gas: IMPACT

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Integrated Mechanical Properties Analysis & Characterization of Near-Wellbore Heterogeneity

  • 2 свойства

    1) General subject: internals
    2) Military: signature
    5) Anatomy: internal
    6) Law: affinitive
    7) Accounting: behaviour
    8) Oil: quality
    10) Oil&Gas technology property
    12) Polymers: performance
    13) Makarov: nature

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > свойства

  • 3 определение характеристик

    1) Engineering: characterization
    2) Information technology: qualification (линии)
    3) Microelectronics: properties characterization
    4) Solar energy: performance prediction
    5) Automation: calibration

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > определение характеристик

  • 4 определение свойств

    1) Microelectronics: properties characterization

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > определение свойств

  • 5 характеристика

    Характеристика - characteristic, property, behavior, aspect, feature (свойство); characterization (процесс); performance (работы); response (динамическая, например: амплитуда); aspect
     Spectral measurements have a special place in the characterization of saponifiable lipids.
     Continuous thin metallic films have potentially better magnetic performance.
     The purpose of this investigation was to determine the load bearing and energy absorption responses of a simple structure.
     The unsteadiness affects the following aspects of turbomachine performance: blade loading, stage efficiency, heat transfer, flutter, noise generation and stall margin.
    Характеристики (горения)
     A "fuel gas" of this composition exhibits combustion characteristics superior to those of the initial raw hydrocarbon fuel.
     The H2 content of the product gas is considered to be the most influential factor in the concept of improving the combustion properties of the raw fuel by onboard fuel processing.
     It is also expected that the combustion behavior of these fuels, particularly regarding pollutant emissions, will be poorer because aromatics content will be greater.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > характеристика

  • 6 Artificial Intelligence

       In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)
       Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)
       Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inflated predictions....
       When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)
       4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, Eventually
       Just as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)
       Many problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)
       What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)
       [AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)
       The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)
       9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract Form
       The basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)
       There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:
        Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins fly? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can fly, so robins probably can fly."
        Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)
       Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)
       Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)
       The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)
        14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory Formation
       It is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)
       We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.
       Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.
       Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.
    ... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)
       Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)
        16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular Contexts
       Even if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)
       Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)
        18) The Assumption That the Mind Is a Formal System
       Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)
        19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial Intelligence
       The primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.
       The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)
       The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....
       AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)
        21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary Propositions
       In artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)
       Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)
       Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)
       The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Artificial Intelligence

  • 7 характеристика

    •

    The mechanical behaviour (or characteristics, or properties) of polymeric materials...

    •

    The first-rate performance of this electrode...

    •

    For the characterization of complex samples,...

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > характеристика

  • 8 IMPACT

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > IMPACT

  • 9 impact

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > impact

  • 10 комплексный метод анализа и описания механических свойств и зоны вокруг ствола скважины

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > комплексный метод анализа и описания механических свойств и зоны вокруг ствола скважины

  • 11 предсказание и получение характеристик эксклюзионных свойств заряд-размер для переокисленных плёнок полипиррола

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > предсказание и получение характеристик эксклюзионных свойств заряд-размер для переокисленных плёнок полипиррола

  • 12 характеристики

    1) General subject: data, internals, properties, credentials
    2) Medicine: characteristics
    5) Mathematics: behavior
    6) Railway term: details
    7) Accounting: behaviour, conditions
    9) Astronautics: performance data
    12) Drilling: options, quality
    13) Microelectronics: qualification, specification
    14) Programming: definitions
    15) Automation: capability
    16) Quality control: condition, (рабочие) performance
    17) oil&gas: standards

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > характеристики

  • 13 характеристика

    characteristic property, index, character, measure, degree, feature, performance, behavior
    • Еще одна важная характеристика это... - A further important characteristic is that...
    • Однако в общем случае мы заинтересованы в измерении других характеристик... - In general, however, we are interested in measuring other properties of...
    • Отметим, что основные характеристики данного принципа состоят в... - The principal features to note are...
    • Помимо всего прочего, это характеристика, которая... - This, above all else, is the characteristic that makes...
    • Это даст нам необходимую характеристику (чего-л). - This will give us the required characterization of...

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > характеристика

  • 14 характеристика

    attribute, behavior, characteristic, description, performance diagram, parameter, pattern, property, quality, rating, response, ( объекта) signature
    * * *
    характери́стика ж.
    1. characteristic; ( машины) performance
    получа́ть характери́стику из уравне́ния [по уравне́нию] — generate a characteristic by an equation
    снима́ть характери́стику — measure a characteristic, measure a response
    стро́ить характери́стику — construct [plot] a characteristic
    стро́ить характери́стику, напр. в координа́тах Va — Ia — construct a curve of, e. g., Ia, against Va, plot, e. g., Ia, against Va
    характери́стика явля́ется нечё́тной — the characteristic has odd-function symmetry
    характери́стика явля́ется чё́тной — the characteristic has even-function symmetry
    снима́ть характери́стику по то́чкам — measure a characteristic by the point-by-point method
    3. (как определение понятия, явления, величины) characterization
    амплиту́дная характери́стика ( не путать с амплиту́дно-часто́тной характери́стикой) — amplitude(-ratio) characteristic (not to he confused with the amplitude response or the amplitude — vs. — frequency characteristic)
    амплиту́дно-часто́тная характери́стика
    2. ( изменение усиления или ослабления с частотой) (amplitude-)frequency response, amplitude response
    аналити́ческая характери́стика — analytical characteristic
    ано́дная характери́стика — брит. anode characteristic; амер. plate characteristic
    ано́дно-се́точная характери́стика — брит. mutual characteristic (of a plate); амер. transfer characteristic (of a plate)
    антидетонацио́нная характери́стика ( топлива) — antiknock rating
    аперту́рная характери́стика ( передающей телевизионной трубки) — resolution characteristic
    аэродинами́ческие характери́стики — aerodynamic characteristics, aerodynamics, aerodynamic data
    аэродинами́ческие, расчё́тные характери́стики — design aerodynamic characteristics
    ба́зовая характери́стика ( транзистора) — base characteristic
    баллисти́ческие характери́стики — ballistic characteristics
    характери́стика без нагру́зки — unloaded (no-load) characteristic
    безразме́рная характери́стика — dimensionless characteristic
    веберампе́рная характери́стика — flux-current characteristic
    характери́стика вентиля́тора — fan characteristic, fan performance curve
    характери́стика вентиля́тора, индивидуа́льная — individual fan characteristic
    характери́стика вентиля́тора, теорети́ческая — theoretic(al) fan characteristic
    характери́стика вентиля́тора, универса́льная — universal fan characteristic
    вентиляцио́нная характери́стика ( шахты) — ventilation characteristic
    взлё́тно-поса́дочные характери́стики — take-off and landing characteristics
    влагоразря́дная характери́стика — moisture discharge characteristic
    вне́шняя характери́стика — external characteristic
    возраста́ющая характери́стика ( вид кривой на графике) — upward (sloping part of a) characteristic (curve)
    вольт-ампе́рная характери́стика — volt-ampere [voltage-current] characteristic
    во́льтовая характери́стика ( фотоприёмника) — voltage characteristic
    характери́стика вре́мени сраба́тывания ( реле), [m2]зави́симая — dependent time-lag
    характери́стика вре́мени сраба́тывания ( реле), [m2]незави́симая — independent time-lag, definite (operating) time
    характери́стика вре́мени сраба́тывания ( реле), [m2]ограни́ченно зави́симая — inverse time with definite minimum, definite minimum inverse operating time
    временна́я характери́стика — time response
    времято́ковая характери́стика — current-time curve
    входна́я характери́стика — input characteristics
    высо́тные характери́стики — altitude characteristics
    выходна́я характери́стика — output characteristics
    гистере́зисная характери́стика — hysteresis characteristics
    графи́ческая характери́стика — characteristics curve
    характери́стика группирова́ния свз. — bunching characteristic
    характери́стики дви́гателя — engine performance
    дете́кторная характери́стика ( частотного детектора) — response curve, transfer characteristic (of a discriminator)
    детонацио́нная характери́стика ( топлива) — knock rating, knock value
    динами́ческая характери́стика
    1. dynamic characteristic; dynamic response
    2. авто performance curve
    дио́дная характери́стика — diode characteristic
    характери́стика добро́тности — Q characteristic
    жё́сткая характери́стика эл. — flat characteristic
    характери́стика зажига́ния — firm characteristic
    характери́стика запира́ния ( электронной лампы) — cut-off characteristic
    заря́дная характери́стика — charge characteristic
    характери́стика затуха́ния — attenuation characteristic
    идеализи́рованная характери́стика — idealized-characteristic
    характери́стика избира́тельности аргд., тлв. — selectivity characteristic
    калибро́вочная характери́стика — calibration curve; ( аналитическое выражение) calibration equation
    квадрати́чная характери́стика — square-law characteristic
    характери́стика квазиконфо́рмного отображе́ния мат. — dilatation ratio
    кинемати́ческая характери́стика — motion characteristic
    колё́сная характери́стика — system of wheels, arrangement of wheels, wheel arrangement
    колле́кторная характери́стика ( транзистора) — collector characteristic
    характери́стика коро́ткого замыка́ния — short-circuit characteristic
    коррозио́нная характери́стика — corrosion performance
    куло́н-во́льтная характери́стика — charge-voltage characteristic
    кусо́чно-лине́йная характери́стика — piecewise linear characteristic
    характери́стики ЛА в движе́нии кре́на ав. — roll(ing) characteristics
    характери́стики ЛА в движе́нии тангажа́ ав. — pitch(ing) characteristics
    лё́тные характери́стики — flight data, flight performance, flight characteristics
    лине́йная характери́стика — linear characteristic; linear response
    логарифми́ческая характери́стика — log-log characteristic
    магни́тная характери́стика — magnetic characteristic, B-H curve
    механи́ческая характери́стика — speed-torque characteristic
    характери́стика моде́ли, часто́тная аргд. — model response
    модуляцио́нная характери́стика — modulation [drive] characteristic
    мя́гкая характери́стика эл. — drooping characteristic
    нагру́зочная характери́стика — load characteristic
    характери́стика напра́вленности — directional characteristic, directivity pattern
    характери́стика нараста́ния перехо́дного проце́сса элк. — transient response
    характери́стика насо́са — pump [head-capacity] characteristic
    насыща́ющая характери́стика физ. — saturation characteristic
    характери́стика насыще́ния — saturation characteristic
    обра́тная характери́стика ( выпрямителя) — back characteristic; ( диода) reverse characteristic
    характери́стика отраже́ний от по́чвы рад. — ground echo pattern
    характери́стика отраже́ния зву́ка — echoing characteristic
    характери́стика «от све́та до све́та» тлв. — overall transfer characteristic
    па́дающая характери́стика эл. — drooping characteristic
    пассивацио́нная характери́стика ( металла) — passivation property
    перегру́зочная характери́стика — overload characteristic; ав. g-load curve
    характери́стика переда́чи тлв. — transfer characteristic
    характери́стика переда́чи полутоно́в тлв. — gray-tone [gray-half-tone] response
    характери́стика перекрыва́ющего разря́да эл. — flashover characteristic
    перехо́дная характери́стика — ( при любом возмущении) transient response; ( при единичном ступенчатом возмущении) unit-step (function) response
    характери́стика по зерка́льному кана́лу рад. — image response
    по́лная характери́стика — total characteristic
    поло́гая характери́стика — quiet (characteristic) curve
    полуто́новая характери́стика — half-tone characteristic
    характери́стика послесвече́ния — decay [persistence] characteristic
    характери́стика по сосе́днему кана́лу рад. — adjacent-channel response
    характери́стика пото́ка аргд. — flow conditions
    простра́нственно-часто́тная характери́стика — spatial frequency response
    характери́стика про́филя, аэродинами́ческая — airfoil characteristic
    пускова́я характери́стика — starting characteristic
    рабо́чая характери́стика — operating [working, performance] characteristic, performance (curve)
    характери́стика разго́на хим. — transient response
    размо́льная характери́стика (напр. угля) — grindability index
    характери́стика раке́тного то́плива — propellant performance
    расчё́тная характери́стика — estimated performance
    характери́стика реа́кции — response
    характери́стика реа́кции систе́мы авт. — ( аналитическое выражение) response (function) of a system; ( графическое представление) response (characteristic) of a system, response (curve) of a system
    характери́стика реа́кции систе́мы на едини́чное ступе́нчатое возмуще́ние авт. — unit-step (function) response of a system
    характери́стика реа́кции систе́мы на и́мпульсное возмуще́ние авт. — impulse(-function) response of a system
    характери́стика реа́кции систе́мы на лине́йно-возраста́ющее возмуще́ние авт. — ramp-function response of a system
    характери́стика реа́кции систе́мы на показа́тельное возмуще́ние авт.— exponential-function response of a system
    характери́стика регули́рования — control performance
    реологи́ческая характери́стика гидр. — flow characteristic
    светова́я характери́стика — опт. light characteristic; ( передающей ТВ трубки) light transfer characteristic
    характери́стика «свет — сигна́л» ( передающей ТВ трубки) — transfer characteristic
    се́риесная характери́стика эл. — series [rising] characteristic
    характери́стика се́ти тепл. — system head curve
    се́точная характери́стика элк. — grid characteristic
    се́точно-ано́дная характери́стика — inverse mutual [transfer, grid-plate, grid-anode] charactristic; ( по напряжению) control characteristic
    характери́стика «сигна́л — свет» ( приёмной трубки) — transfer characteristic
    характери́стика систе́мы, амплиту́дно-фа́зовая ( годограф частотной характеристики) авт. — transfer locus of a system
    характери́стика систе́мы, перехо́дная авт. — unit-step response (function)
    перехо́дная характери́стика систе́мы име́ет апериоди́ческий хара́ктер — ( выходная ордината стремится к установившемуся значению монотонно) the system has [shows] an aperiodic [overdamped] transient [unit-step] response; ( имеет один экстрениум и не пересекает установившегося значения) the system has [shows] a critically damped transient [unit-step] response
    перехо́дная характери́стика систе́мы име́ет колеба́тельный хара́ктер — the system has an oscillatory unit-step response
    характери́стика систе́мы, часто́тная амплиту́дная ( модуль частотной характеристики) авт. — amplitude-ratio [gain] (vs. frequency) response (characteristic) of a system
    характери́стика систе́мы, часто́тная амплиту́дная логарифми́ческая авт. — log-magnitude plot [log-magnitude curve] of a system
    характери́стика систе́мы, часто́тная веще́ственная авт. — real (part of the) frequency response of a system
    характери́стика систе́мы, часто́тная логарифми́ческая ( в координатах lg \\ — lg \(\\\)) авт. — Bode diagram
    характери́стика систе́мы, часто́тная мни́мая авт. — imaginary (part of the) frequency response of a system
    характери́стика систе́мы, часто́тная фа́зовая ( аргумент частотной характеристики) авт. — phase (vs. frequency) response (characteristic) of a system
    характери́стика систе́мы, часто́тная фа́зовая логарифми́ческая ( в координатах \\ — lg \) авт. — phase-angle [phase-shift] (vs. log-frequency) plot of a system
    сквозна́я характери́стика киб. — through characteristic
    скоростна́я характери́стика — velocity characteristic; ( шины) speed performance
    со́бственная характери́стика — inherent characteristic
    спада́ющая характери́стика ( вид кривой на графике) — downward sloping (part of a) characteristic
    спектра́льная характери́стика — spectral (response) characteristic, spectral response (function)
    срывна́я характери́стика аргд. — stalling characteristic
    стати́ческая характери́стика — static characteristic
    сте́ндовая характери́стика — test-bench characteristic
    ступе́нчатая характери́стика — staircase characteristic
    счё́тная характери́стика — counter characteristic curve; counting response
    характери́стика телека́меры, спектра́льная — spectral [taking] characteristic of a TV camera
    температу́рная характери́стика — temperature characteristic
    теплова́я характери́стика — thermal response
    техни́ческая характери́стика — technical data
    то́ковая характери́стика — current characteristic
    характери́стика турби́ны — steam consumption diagram, Willans line
    тя́говая характери́стика — tractive characteristic
    характери́стики уде́льной про́чности — strength-weight properties
    характери́стика управле́ния — control characteristic
    характери́стики управля́емости авто — handling characteristics, handling behaviour
    усреднё́нная характери́стика — averaged characteristic
    уста́лостная характери́стика — fatigue characteristic
    фа́зово-часто́тная характери́стика — phase(-frequency) characteristic
    фо́новая характери́стика — background characteristic
    ходовы́е характери́стики ж.-д. — rolling characteristics
    характери́стика холосто́го хо́да — эл. no-load characteristic; ( в теории цепей и связи) open-circuit characteristic
    часто́тная характери́стика элк. — frequency response
    зава́л часто́тной характери́стики, напр. на высо́ких часто́тах — drop of amplification [gain roll-off] at, e. g., high frequencies
    корректи́ровать [подня́ть] часто́тную характери́стику, напр. усили́теля — compensate the frequency response of, e. g., an amplifier
    корректи́ровать [подня́ть] часто́тную характери́стику усили́теля, напр. по высо́ким часто́там — give an amplifier, e. g., a high boost, apply, e. g., high-frequency compensation to an amplifier, raise amplifier gain at the high-frequency end of the range
    корректи́ровать [подня́ть] часто́тную характери́стику усили́теля, напр. по ни́зким часто́там — apply, e. g., low-frequency compensation to an amplifier, raise amplifier gain at the low-frequency end of the range
    часто́тная характери́стика име́ет неравноме́рность, напр. 3 дБ по диапазо́ну — the frequency response is flat within 3 dB over the bandwidth
    часто́тная характери́стика равноме́рна до, напр. 1 МГц — the frequency response is flat up to, e. g., 1 MHz
    часто́тная, равноме́рная по диапазо́ну характери́стика — bandpass response
    схе́ма име́ет равноме́рную по диапазо́ну часто́тную характери́стику — the circuit has [shows] a bandpass response
    числова́я характери́стика — numerical characteristic
    характери́стика чувстви́тельности — sensitivity characteristic
    шумова́я характери́стика — noise performance
    шунтова́я характери́стика — shunt characteristic
    эквивале́нтная характери́стика — total [lumped] characteristic
    эксплуатацио́нная характери́стика — operating characteristic
    эмиссио́нная характери́стика — emission characteristic

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > характеристика

  • 15 Определенные артикли перед существительными, которые снабжены ссылками

    The differential problem (1) can be reduced to the form (2)
    The asymptotic formula (1) follows from the above lemma
    The differential equation (1) can be solved numerically
    What is needed in the final result is a simple bound on quantities of the form (1)
    The inequality (1) (артикль можно опустить) shows that $a>b$
    The bound (estimate) (2) is not quite as good as the bound (estimate) (1)
    If the norm of $A$ satisfies the restriction (1), then by the estimate (2) this term is less than unity
    Since the spectral radius of $A$ belongs to the region (1), this iterative method converges for any initial guesses
    The array (1) is called the matrix representing the linear transformation of $f$
    It should be noted that the approximate inequality (1) bounds only the absolute error in $x$
    The inequality (1) shows that...
    The second step in our analysis is to substitute the forms (1) and (2) into this equation and simplify it by dropping higher-order terms
    For small $ze$ the approximation (1) is very good indeed
    A matrix of the form (1), in which some eigenvalue appears in more than one block, is called a derogatory matrix
    The relation between limits and norms is suggested by the equivalence (1)
    For this reason the matrix norm (1) is seldom encountered in the literature
    To establish the inequality (1) from the definition (2)
    Our conclusion agrees with the estimate (1)
    The characterization is established in almost the same way as the results of Theorem 1, except that the relations (1) and (2) take place in the eigenvalue-eigenvector relation...
    This vector satisfies the differential equation (1)
    The Euclidean vector norm (2) satisfies the properties (1)
    The bound (1) ensures only that these elements are small compared with the largest element of $A$
    There is some terminology associated with the system (1) and the matrix equation (2)
    A unique solution expressible in the form (1) restricts the dimensions of $A$
    The factorization (1) is called the $LU$-factorization
    It is very uncommon for the condition (1) to be violated
    The relation (1) guarantees that the computed solution gives very small residual
    This conclusion follows from the assumptions (1) and (2)
    The factor (1) introduced in relation (2) is now equal to 2
    The inequalities (1) are still adequate
    We use this result without explicitly referring to the restriction (1)

    Русско-английский словарь по прикладной математике и механике > Определенные артикли перед существительными, которые снабжены ссылками

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